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Top 30 medical subspecialties English/Spanish

Written by Luis on September 21st, 2025

As interpreters, we all know that medical terminology can be challenging—and when it comes to subspecialties, things get even trickier. A single specialty like Internal Medicine can branch into many subspecialties, each with its own precise title. To make it more complex, these names don’t always translate neatly into Spanish, and some terms vary across regions (for example, Neumología vs. Neumonología).

That’s why I put together this list: to give you a quick, bilingual reference of some of the most common subspecialties you’re likely to encounter. I hope it helps you feel more confident and prepared when supporting patients and providers in these contexts. Feel free to add these words to your favorite words for easy reference later!

Remember: in medical interpretation, clarity is everything. Using the correct subspecialty term ensures patients understand the role of the doctor they’re seeing, and providers feel assured that their expertise is conveyed accurately.


🏥 Common Medical Subspecialties (English → Español)

  1. Cardiology – Cardiología
  2. Interventional Cardiology – Cardiología intervencionista
  3. Electrophysiology – Electrofisiología cardíaca
  4. Endocrinology – Endocrinología
  5. Gastroenterology – Gastroenterología
  6. Hepatology – Hepatología
  7. Hematology – Hematología
  8. Oncology – Oncología
  9. Hematology-Oncology – Hemato-oncología
  10. Infectious Disease – Enfermedades infecciosas
  11. Nephrology – Nefrología
  12. Pulmonology – Neumología / Neumonología
  13. Critical Care Medicine – Medicina crítica / Cuidados intensivos
  14. Rheumatology – Reumatología
  15. Allergy & Immunology – Alergología e inmunología
  16. Neonatology – Neonatología
  17. Pediatric Cardiology – Cardiología pediátrica
  18. Pediatric Endocrinology – Endocrinología pediátrica
  19. Pediatric Gastroenterology – Gastroenterología pediátrica
  20. Pediatric Hematology-Oncology – Hemato-oncología pediátrica
  21. Pediatric Nephrology – Nefrología pediátrica
  22. Pediatric Pulmonology – Neumología pediátrica
  23. Vascular Surgery – Cirugía vascular
  24. Colorectal Surgery – Cirugía colorrectal
  25. Surgical Oncology – Cirugía oncológica
  26. Trauma Surgery – Cirugía de trauma
  27. Transplant Surgery – Cirugía de trasplantes
  28. Pediatric Surgery – Cirugía pediátrica
  29. Child & Adolescent Psychiatry – Psiquiatría infantil y del adolescente
  30. Geriatric Medicine – Geriatría / Medicina geriátrica


Interpreting in healthcare means constantly learning and adapting. If you ever feel overwhelmed by subspecialty names, you’re not alone—it’s something we all navigate. The good news is that with resources like this, and by practicing consistent terminology, you can bring clarity and professionalism to every interaction.

I’ll continue to share more reference lists and practical tools here at InterpAscend to make your work smoother and more rewarding.

Stay tuned, keep growing, and remember: every accurate term you use makes a difference in patient care